Truman Doctrine

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• GlobalSecurity.org - Truman Doctrine
• University of Michigan Library - Deep Blue Repositories - The Truman Doctrine: Turkey
• University of Wisconsin - MINDS at UW Policies - Halting the iron curtain at the mediterranean: The Greek Civil War and the origins of the Truman Doctrine
• National Archives - Truman Doctrine (1947)
• U.S. Department of State - Office of the Historian - Truman Doctrine
• The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History - Truman and His Doctrine: Revolutionary, Unprecedented, and Bipartisan
• Khan Academy - Start of the Cold War - The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
• Alpha History - The Truman Doctrine

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

• GlobalSecurity.org - Truman Doctrine
• University of Michigan Library - Deep Blue Repositories - The Truman Doctrine: Turkey
• University of Wisconsin - MINDS at UW Policies - Halting the iron curtain at the mediterranean: The Greek Civil War and the origins of the Truman Doctrine
• National Archives - Truman Doctrine (1947)
• U.S. Department of State - Office of the Historian - Truman Doctrine
• The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History - Truman and His Doctrine: Revolutionary, Unprecedented, and Bipartisan
• Khan Academy - Start of the Cold War - The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
• Alpha History - The Truman Doctrine

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Truman Doctrine, pronouncement by U.S. Pres. Harry S. Truman declaring immediate economic and military aid to the governments of Greece, threatened by communist insurrection, and Turkey, under pressure from Soviet expansion in the Mediterranean area. As the United States and the Soviet Union struggled to reach a balance of power during the Cold War that followed World War II, Great Britain announced that it could no longer afford to aid those Mediterranean countries, which the West feared were in danger of falling under Soviet influence. Truman outlined what became known as the Truman Doctrine in a speech to a joint session of Congress on March 12, 1947, in which he emphasized the broader consequences of a failure to protect democracy in Greece and Turkey by saying:

The United Nations is designed to make possible lasting freedom and independence for all its members. We shall not realize our objectives, however, unless we are willing to help free peoples to maintain their free institutions and their national integrity against aggressive movements that seek to impose upon them totalitarian regimes. This is no more than a frank recognition that totalitarian regimes imposed on free peoples, by direct or indirect aggression, undermine the foundations of international peace and hence the security of the United States.